NASA authorization bill sets $25.5 billion in spending for 2025

What does this do?

S. 933 sets policy and funding levels for nearly all of NASA's work in fiscal year 2025, including human spaceflight (Artemis, the Space Launch System, Orion), ISS operations, science missions, aeronautics research, and STEM education. It also directs NASA to develop new spacesuits, plan a "coordinated lunar time" standard, and prepare to retire the ISS in favor of commercial space stations.

Who does it affect?

The bill affects NASA employees and contractors, aerospace companies, scientists and universities receiving NASA funding, and companies building commercial space stations and lunar technology. Members of Congress will use it to direct spending and require progress reports on major programs.

Why does it matter?

The bill pushes NASA toward greater reliance on private companies for services like space station operations and lunar landers while retaining some core government functions. It sets deadlines and reporting requirements Congress will use to track progress on Artemis, ISS transition, and other major projects.

What does it cost, and who pays?

• $25.5 billion total for NASA in FY2025
• Covers Artemis, ISS, science, aeronautics
• Includes minor local funding items