Federal bill targets duck population recovery with $35 million in grants

What does this do?

HR 4591 creates two federal grant programs administered by the Department of the Interior to support wild duck population recovery. The first funds placement and maintenance of cylindrical nesting structures called hen houses in wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region. The second focuses on California, covering costs for nesting areas, small ponds, and payments to private landowners who improve duck breeding habitat on their property.

Who does it affect?

Landowners, farmers, conservation groups, state and local governments, tribal governments, and nonprofits in Prairie Pothole Region states such as North and South Dakota, Montana, and Minnesota, as well as those in California, are the most directly affected. Hunters and wildlife watchers who depend on healthy duck populations would also be indirectly affected.

Why does it matter?

Both programs must launch within 180 days of enactment, and eligible parties may apply through a competitive grant process. The bill has been referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources, where its progress will determine whether these programs are established.

What does it cost, and who pays?

• $3.5M per program each year
• Funded 2026 through 2030
• Up to $35M total over five years