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Senate bill would limit 14th Amendment birthright citizenship

In committeeS.J.Res. 189Latest action

Sponsor: Rand Paul · Senator · KY

AIDecoded by AI · checked against the record
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Official title: A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to protect United States citizenship.

119th Congress

Topics: Immigration

Introduced:

Read the official bill on Congress.gov

In plain words

The plain-language version comes first. The official text is always the reference.

This proposal would change the Constitution so that not every person born on U.S. soil automatically becomes a citizen.

40-second read · 4 questions answered below

What does this do?

This is a proposed constitutional amendment that would add a new rule to who gets U.S. citizenship at birth. Under the change, at least one parent would need to be a U.S. citizen, a lawful permanent resident living in the U.S., or a non-citizen serving in the U.S. military on active duty.

Who does it affect?

Children born in the U.S. to parents who do not meet any of those three conditions would no longer automatically receive birthright citizenship. This would most directly affect children born to parents who are in the country temporarily or without legal immigration status.

Why does it matter?

Because this changes the Constitution, it would require approval from two-thirds of both the Senate and the House, and then ratification by three-fourths of all state legislatures before it could take effect.

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Read the official bill on Congress.gov

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Where does it stand?

  1. IntroducedApr 29, 2026
  2. Senate committeeYou are here · Apr 29, 2026
  3. Senate vote
  4. House
  5. Sent to the states

Right now: a Senate committee is reviewing it. If the House changes it, it goes back to the Senate. Both chambers have to pass the same text, each by two thirds. A proposed constitutional amendment never goes to the president: it goes to the states, and three quarters of them have to ratify it before it takes effect.

Latest action: — Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Data as of October 9, 2026
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